JUS 394

Information Technology and Social Justice

Beyond First World Discourse

 

Instructor:

Dr. Merlyna Lim

Office: Wilson 250 or SS 203A

Email: Merlyna.Lim at asu.edu

Office hours: T/Th: 10:30am-12:30pm or by appointment (by email).

 

Course description:

This course will discuss the applicability and usefulness of major theoretical concepts of political communication in the era when the Internet is emerging as a mass information and communication medium. This course provides an overview of contemporary debates surrounding the relationship between (1) new media and information and communication technology (ICT), particularly the Internet, and (2) socio-political changes.

 

We will review both utopian and dystopian views on the Internet-politics relationship and the concepts of the public sphere. The course will explore theoretical and empirical problems related to the socio-political use of new media and information and communication technology (ICT), particularly the Internet. Here we will discuss media convergence, viral politics, social mobilization, political participation and deliberation online and other relevant concepts.

 

Particular attention is given to the multiple ways in which new media & ICT and individuals/groups/institutions -- mutually shape one another to the benefit and/or disadvantage of society and various social groups. It will include cases on

cyberactivism (democratic and undemocratic), online un/deliberation, online global movement, networked publics, citizen journalism (e.g. blogging, podcasting), peer-to-peer production (e.g., YouTube), and remix culture/politics, derived not only from the United States, but also from other countries in both Global North as well as Global South.

 

Grading:

Weekly reflection/essay, 250-300 words (each essay = 1%) (12%)

Individual mid-term “position” paper, 7-8 pages, double space (24%)

Individual term paper – final project, 15-20 pages, double space (40%)

Group project + poster presentation (24%)

There will be no final exam for this course.

 

Reading

Complete all readings (and other assignments) prior to the class meeting for which they are scheduled. The required  (and recommended/additional) readings are derived from various books and journals (scanned version of these are available online on blackboard, under “Course documents”, folder “Reading”) and Internet web pages (links included in this syllabus).  You must bring required readings (or copies of them) to class for the dates they are assigned. In some cases, I may distribute photocopied readings to you in class. See the course outline below for details.

 

Writing

Weekly essays should be posted on Blackboard (under “assignment” not “digital

dropbox”) before Monday 11:59pm and it is recommended to bring the print/hard copy version on the next Tuesday morning (during the lecture). All other papers should be submitted electronically on blackboard and in print/hard-copy (doublespace line, 12 point font, 1” margin, stapled). No late or emailed writing assignments will be accepted.

 

Weekly reflection

Starting in Week 2 (first weekly assignment due Monday, Jan 30th Jan 29th 11:59pm), each student is required to submit one page (250-300 words) weekly essay of personal reflection on the topic, reading, lecture and discussion of the week.

 

Mid-term paper

The midterm paper will be a 7-8 page paper due Saturday noon, March 3rd March 8th. For this paper, you will write an essay on (potential) social/political uses of the IT/Internet based on one specific dimension of online politics. The mid-term position paper may be expanded into the term paper.

 

Term paper

A term paper proposal is to be submitted before/on Thursday, April 5th. This proposal should be 2-3 pages (double space). It should include the proposed topic; main questions or hypotheses; the methods of inquiry; a working bibliography; and the availability of primary and secondary literature and other sources. For this term paper, any topic related to socio-political dimensions of the IT/Internet, focusing on justice issues, is acceptable. The paper should consist of empirical dimension and based on library/online research. Papers based on a single or comparative case study are encouraged. The paper is expected to be 15-20 pages long (double space), excluding bibliography and figures, due on Saturday noon, May 5th.

 

Group blogging project

The class will be divided into groups, 5-6 4 students each.  Each group will publish a blog with any topic related to social justice (defined broadly). All group members are expected to actively participate in blogging on the topic and finding ways to mobilize participation from blog readers. Further information about project will be explained in the class. Please use only blogger (blogspot.com) or wordpress (wordpress.com) as a platform for your blogs.

 

Plagiarism

I will not tolerate plagiarism in your written work. Your papers must provide full citations for all references: direct quotes, summaries, or ideas, to avoid plagiarism. Work submitted for other courses will not be accepted in this course. Whether intentional or unintentional, claiming another’s work as your own is plagiarism. Intentional plagiarism will result in a failing grade and expulsion from the course or even expulsion from the university. For more on what constitutes plagiarism, please see: http://www.lib.berkeley.edu/TeachingLib/Guides/Citations.html. Please review the Student Code of Conduct for complete guidelines on academic honesty. For more information on the ASU Student Academic Integrity Policy, see: http://www.asu.edu/studentaffairs/studentlife/judicial/academic_integrity.htm#sanctions

 

INTRODUCTION

January 16: Course Introduction

 

January 18:

History of the Internet

• Cert, Vint, A Brief History of the Internet and Related Networks,

http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/cerf.shtml

• Cringley, Robert “Nerds 2.0.1” http://www.pbs.org/opb/nerds2.0.1/

• Abbate, Janet (1996) Inventing the Internet, Cambridge: MIT Press, Chapter 1 and 2

available online from: http://www.netlibrary.com.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/ (search: Abbate).

Additional:

• Internet’s World Statistics http://www.internetworldstats.com/stats.htm

• NTIA, “Online Activities,” in A Nation Online: Entering the Broadband Age (2004).

http://www.ntia.doc.gov/reports/anol/NationOnlineBroadband04.pdf

 

SOCIO-POLITICAL LANDSCAPE OF THE INTERNET

January 23: The Internet Ideals

• Rheingold, Howard (1993) (edited version: 2000), “Introduction,” in The Virtual Community, Cambridge: MIT Press, available online from: http://www.rheingold.com/vc/book/

• Barlow, John Perry, “A Declaration Of Independence of Cyberspace”,

http://www.eff.org/~barlow/Declaration-Final.html

• John Perry Barlow, “The Economy of Ideas: Selling Wine Without Bottles on the Global Net”

http://www.eff.org/~barlow/EconomyOfIdeas.html

• Ester Dyson et.al. Cyberspace and the American Dream: A Magna Carta for the Knowledge Age

http://www.pff.org/issues-pubs/futureinsights/fi1.2magnacarta.html

 

January 25: Utopian vs Dystopian

• Katz, Jon (1997). The Birth of Digital Nation. http://www.wired.com/wired/5.04/netizen.html

• Winner, Langdon. (1995) Who will be in Cyberspace?

http://polaris.gseis.ucla.edu/pagre/tno/september-1995.html#who

Additional:

• Kelly, K. (1996) Electronic Hive: Embrace It. In Kling, R. Computerization and Controversy, San Diego: Academic Press.

http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=9wlN9eOomacC&oi=fnd&pg=PA40&sig=mOQV

HGflPW21Nl-ZyOMv63m1hqQ&dq=Birkerts,+S.+(1996)+The+electronic+hive+-

+refuse+it,#PPA964,M1

• Birkerts. (1994) Electronic Hive: Refuse It. In Kling, R. Computerization and Controversy, San Diego: Academic Press.

 

January 30: Internet as Convivial Medium

• Lim, Merlyna (2005) “Conviviality of the Internet”, In @rchipelago Online: The Internet and

Political Activism in Indonesia (blackboard: Lim_2005)

Additional:

• Galloway, Alex. (2005) Global Networks and the Effect on Culture, The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 597, No. 1, 19-31 (blackboard: Galloway).

 

February 1: Politics of the Internet

• Castells. Manuel (2002) Politics of the Internet (I) in The Internet Galaxy: Reflections on the Internet, Business and Society, Oxford University Press (blackboard: Castells).

 

February 6: Internet and the Public Sphere

• Poster, Mark (1995) “Cyberdemocracy: Internet and the Public Sphere.”

http://www.hnet.uci.edu/mposter/writings/democ.html.

• Underwood, Mick. (2000) “The Internet as Public Sphere.”

http://www.cultsock.ndirect.co.uk/MUHome/cshtml/media/internet4.html.

 

February 8: The Internet and (Self) Empowerment

• Yochai Benkler, (2006) Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom, Yale University Press (pp 225-237)

http://www.congo-education.net/wealth-of-networks/ch-07.htm#7-2 until http://www.congo-education.net/wealth-of-networks/ch-07.htm#7-4  

• James Moore, (2003) The Second Superpower Rears Its Beautiful Head,

http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/people/jmoore/secondsuperpower.html

Additional:

• Fred Turner, Hackers Conference http://www.stanford.edu/~fturner/Turner Hackers Conference Chapter.pdf.

 

POLITICS ONLINE

February 13: Politics moves online

• Bentivegna, Sara (1998) Talking Politics on the Net. Press and Politics Research Paper 3-20, The Joan Shorenstein Center Harvard University.

http://www.ksg.harvard.edu/presspol/research_publications/papers/Research_Papers/R20.pdf

• Norris, Pippa, (2000) “Political Communications and Democratic Politics.” in John Bartle and

Dylan Griffiths (eds), Political Communications Transformed: From Morrison to Mandelson, Basingtoke: Macmillan.

http://ksghome.harvard.edu/~.pnorris.shorenstein.ksg/acrobat/bartle.pdf

 

February 15: Mobilization vs Deliberation

• Lim, M and Kann, M (forth.) Mobilization and Deliberation Online in Varnelis, K, Networked Publics, Cambridge: MIT Press (blackboard: Lim_Kann).

 

February 20: Viral network, p2p

• Fox, Kate (2001) Evolution, Alienation and Gossip – The Role of Mobile Telecommunications in the 21st Century, commissioned by BT Cellnet. http://www.sirc.org/publik/gossip.shtml

• Coleman, Stephen (2001) “E-Politics: democracy or marketing?” Voxpolitics.com

http://www.voxpolitics.com/news/voxfpub/story266.shtml

• Fromartz, Samuel (2000). Viral Politics. http://www.fromartz.com/Pages/b2.html

 

February 22: Global networks, global civil society

• Pickard, VW (2006) United yet autonomous: Indymedia and the struggle to sustain a radical

democratic network, Media, Culture & Society, Vol. 28, No. 3, 315-336 (blackboard: Pickard).

• Indymedia. http://www.indymedia.org

• Hyde, Gene. (2002) Independent Media Centers: Cyber-subversion and the Alternative Press.

http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue7_4/hyde/

• TheYesMen. http://www.theyesmen.org

 

February 27: Digital cultural production & the resistance/protest culture

• Klinenberg & Benzecry (2005) Cultural production in a Digital Age, The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 597, No. 1, 6-18 (blackboard: Klinenberg).

 

March 1: E-voting

• Solop, F. (2001) Digital Democracy Comes of Age in Arizona, Political Science & Politics, v34 no2 p289-93 (blackboard: Solop).

• Fitrakis, Bob (2004). Diebold, Electronic Voting and the Vast Right-Wing Conspiracy.

http://www.commondreams.org/views04/0225-05.htm

 

CYBER-REVOLUTION/EMPOWERMENT

March 6: Zapatista Movement

• http://www.zapatistas.org/

• http://www.zapatistarevolution.com/

• Cleaver, H. (1996) Zapatistas in Cyberspace: http://www.eco.utexas.edu/~hmcleave/zapsincyber.html

• Cleaver, H. (1994) The Zapatistas and the Electronic of Struggles:

http://www.eco.utexas.edu/~hmcleave/zaps.html

• Russell, A. (2005) Myth and the Zapatista movement: exploring a network identity, New Media & Society, Vol. 7, No. 4, 559-577 (blackboard:

Russell.pdf)

 

March 8: Indonesia: the First Net-Revolution?

• Basuki, Tedjabayu (1998) “Indonesia: The Web as a weapon” Development Dialogue 2: The

Southeast Asian Media in a Time of Crisis.

http://www.n5m.org/n5m3/pages/programme/articles/basuki.html

• Marcus, D. L. (1998) “Indonesia revolt was Net driven” in E. Aspinall, G. Klinken, and Herbert

van Feith (eds) (1999) The Last Days of President Suharto, Australia: Monash Asia Institute, p. 73-75. http://www.nettime.org/Lists-Archives/nettime-l-9806/msg00001.html

• Lim, M. (2003), "The Internet, Social Network and Reform in Indonesia" in N. Couldry and J.

Curran (eds.), Contesting Media Power: Alternative Media in A Networked World, Lanham:

Rowan & Littlefield. (blackboard: Lim_2003.pdf).

 

--------SPRING BREAK, no lectures on March 13th and 15th------

 

March 20: Philippines & Serbia

• Pantic, Drezen (1997) “Internet in Serbia: From Dark Side of the Moon to the Internet

Revolution”, First Monday, http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue2_4/pantic/.

• Rafael, Vicente L. (2003) “The Cell Phone and the Crowd: Messianic Politics in Recent Philippine History” Public Culture, Volume 15 #3.

http://communication.ucsd.edu/people/f_rafael_cellphonerev_files.htm.

 

March 22: African Internet

• John Abdul Kargbo (1997) Internet in Sierra Leone: The Way Forward?

http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue2_2/kargbo/

• Dana Ott (1998) Power to the People: The Role of Electronic Media in Promoting Democracy in Africa http://www.firstmonday.org/issues/issue3_4/ott/

 

AUTHORITARIANISM, CENSORSHIP & SURVEILLANCE

March 27:

• The 15 enemies of the Internet and other countries to watch

http://www.rsf.org/article.php3?id_article=15613

• http://www.opennetinitiative.org  (pick one or two country reports)

 

March 29: China

• Zittrain and Edelman (2003) Empirical Analysis of Internet Filtering in China,

http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/filtering/china/  read also:

http://www.opennetinitiative.net/studies/china/

• Hachigian, Nina (2002) “The Internet and One-Party East Asian States” Washington Quarterly vol. 25 n. 3 (Summer,) pp. 41-58.

http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/pdf/10.1162/01636600260046226

• Yang, Guobin (2003) The Co-Evolution of the Internet and Civil Society in China (blackboard: Yang).

 

April 3: Vietnam, Singapore, and other countries in Asia

• Internet Filtering in Vietnam in 2005-2006: A Country Study

http://www.opennet.net/studies/vietnam/

• Gomez, James (2005) “Dumbing Down Democracy: Trends in Internet Regulation, Surveillance

and Control in Asia” http://www.jamesgomeznews.com/article.php?AID=12&Page=2

• Singapore: Online Media and Civil Society in the ‘New’ Singapore

http://wwwarc.murdoch.edu.au/wp/wp123.pdf

Additional:

• Lim, M. (2004). “Voices Rise: The Internet and the rise of civil society in Southeast Asia”

(blackboard: Lim_2004.pdf)

• van Koert, Robin (2004) “The Internet in Vietnam: party propaganda or infotainment?” in Gan,

Gomes and Johannen, Asian Cyberactivism: freedom of expression & media censorship. (blackboard: vankoert.pdf).

 

April 5: Arab countries

• Internet Annual Report 2006 http://www.rsf.org/IMG/pdf/middle_east_report.pdf

• Zitrain and Edelman (2005), Documentation of Internet Filtering in Saudi Arabia

http://cyber.law.harvard.edu/filtering/saudiarabia/

 

CYBER-RADICALISM, CYBERTERRORISM

April 10: Netwar, Networking terrorist

• Arquilla & Ronfeldt (1996) The Advent of Netwar, in Arquilla & Ronfeldt, Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime, and Militancy, RAND. (blackboard: arquilla_ronfeldt)

• Zanini & Edwards (1996) The Networking of Terror in the Information Age in Arquilla & Ronfeldt, Networks and Netwars: The Future of Terror, Crime, and Militancy, RAND.  (blackboard: zanini_edwards)

 

April 12: Radicalism

• Lim, M. (2005) Islamic Radicalism and Anti Americanism in Indonesia: The Role of the Internet, Policy Studies Series #18, Washington DC: East West Center.

http://www.eastwestcenterwashington.org/Publications/psseriespdf18.htm

• Lim, M. (2002) “Cyber-civic space in Indonesia” IDPR, 24(4), 383-400 (blackboard:

Lim_2002.pdf).

 

CITIZEN/NETIZEN DEMOCRACY & SOCIAL NETWORKING

April 17: Blogging Politics (US)

• Drezner & Farrell (2004) The Power and Politics of Blogs.

http://www.danieldrezner.com/research/blogpaperfinal.pdf

• Adamic et.al. (2005) The Political Blogosphere and 2004 Election: Divided They Blog.

http://www.blogpulse.com/papers/2005/AdamicGlanceBlogWWW.pdf.

• How the Internet Invented Howard Dean http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/12.01/dean.html

• http://www.blogofamerica.com

Additional:

• Hindman et al. (2004) Googlearchy. www.cs.princeton.edu/~kt/mpsa03.pdf.

 

April 19: Korean Netizen Democracy

• Hauben (2006) The Rise of Netizen Democracy. http://www.columbia.edu/~rh120/other/misc/korean-democracy.txt

• Korea: Political Parodies: Free expression or law violations? (2004)

http://www.asiamedia.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=9788

• Korean Netizens Change Journalism and Politics (2004)

http://english.ohmynews.com/articleview/article_view.asp?article_class=8&no=201423&rel_no=1 

• Japan Internet execs shy away from politics (2005) http://www.physorg.com/news6687.html

 

April 24: Youtube & Remix politics

• SFgate (2006) A new bargain: Youtube politics. http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/chronicle/archive/2006/10/31/EDG6PKE0NR1.DTL

• Allen and Macaca incident (2006) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r90z0PMnKwI

• Revisit subsection of “Remix politics” in Lim & Kann (forth).

• See: http://merlyna.org/politicalremix.htm (please add some pro-Bush or pro-IraqWar videos to the list, if you find any).

 

SUMMING UP AND FINAL POSTER PRESENTATIONS

April 26 & May 1

May 5 noon: Final/term paper due.